Java Features:

1.Simple and Familiar:

Its coding style is very clean and easy to understand. It removes complexity because it doesn’t use complex and difficult features of other languages like C and C++.

2. Compiled and Interpreted (TBD)

Usually, a computer language can be either compiled or interpreted. Java integrates the power of Compiled Languages with the flexibility of Interpreted Languages.

Java compiler (javac) compiles the java source code into the bytecode.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM) then executes this bytecode which is executable on many operating systems and is portable.

The diagram below shows the above process:

3. Platform Independent

The most significant feature of Java is that it provides platform independence which leads to a facility of portability, which ultimately becomes its biggest strength.

Being platform-independent means a program compiled on one machine can be executed on any machine in the world without any change. Java achieves platform independence by using the concept of the BYTE code.

Instead, it converts the source code into an intermediate code called the byte code and this byte code is further translated to machine-dependent form by another layer of software called JVM (Java Virtual Machine).

Below diagram explains the platform independence feature of Java-

4. Architectural Neutral

This buzzword means that the program written on one platform or OS is independent of other platforms or environments and can run on any other Operating System without recompiling them.

In other words, it is based on the ‘Write-once-run-anywhere’ (WORA) or ‘Write-once-run-everywhere’ (WORE) approach.

Byte-code is not dependent on any machine architecture and Java Virtual Machine (JVM) can easily translate bytecode into a machine-specific code.

5. Object-Oriented

Next in Java features article, we will discuss the OOP feature. Java strongly supports the concepts of Object-Oriented Programming due to which it is called a pure object-oriented language.

Java supports major Object-Oriented programming features like Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Inheritance.

Almost everything in Java is an object. All programs and data live within objects and classes. ‘Objects’ model Java rather than the ‘processes’. Java comes with an extensible set of classes organized in packages.

For example, we cannot develop an executable program in Java without making use of the class. This indicates that Java very strictly applies the principle of Encapsulation

Object:

A Java object is a member (also called an instance) of a Java class. Each object has an identity, a behavior and a state. The state of an object is stored in fields (variables), while methods (functions) display the object’s behavior. Objects are created at runtime from templates, which are also known as classes.

Class:

A class is a template used to create objects and to define object data types and methods. Classes are categories, and objects are items within each category. … Core properties include the actual attributes/values and methods that may be used by the object.

For example: in real life, a car is an object. The car has attributes, such as weight and color, and methods, such as drive and brake. A Class is like an object constructor, or a “blueprint” for creating objects.

Operating System:

An operating system is a software program required to manage and operate a computing device like smartphones, tablets, computers, supercomputers, web servers, cars, network towers, smartwatches, etc. … It is a layer of graphical user interface (GUI), which acts as a platform between the user and the computer hardware.

What is 32-Bit Operating System?

It is a CPU architecture type that holds the capacity to transfer 32 bits of data. It refers to the amount of data and information that your CPU can easily process when operating. A majority of the computers produced in the early 2000s and 1990s were 32-bit machines.

One bit in the register can typically reference an individual byte. Thus, the 32-bit system is capable of addressing about 4,294,967,296 bytes (4 GB) of RAM. Its actual limit is less than 3.5 GB (usually) because a portion of the register stores various other temporary values apart from the memory addresses.

What is 64-Bit Operating System?

The 64-bit microprocessor allows computer systems to process information, data, and memory addresses represented by 64 bits. Such a system can typically reference 16 exabytes (17,179,869,184 GB)

A 64-bit system (a computer with a 64-bit processor) can access more than 4 GB of RAM. It is numerous million times more than what an average workstation would require to access. It means that if a computer has 8 GB of RAM, it requires a 64-bit processor. Or else, the CPU will be inaccessible to at least 4 GB of the memory.

Advantages of 64-bit over the 32-bit operating system:

1. Addressable memory: 32-bit operating systems can address a maximum of 4 GB of RAM. But 64-bit operating system can address up to 17,179,869,184 GB (16 exabytes). That’s a lot more than 4GB of memory that a 32-bit operating system can handle.
2. Available Resources: The 64-bit operating system can make full use of available system resources compared to a 32-bit system. To simplify, installing more RAM on a system with a 32-bit OS doesn’t impact performance. However, upgrade that system with excess RAM to the 64-bit version of Windows, and you’ll notice a difference.
3. Computer Performance: The system can perform more calculations per second using a 64-bit system with a 64-bit processer. As a result, it increases the processing power and makes a computer run faster. This is limited in the case of 32-bit operating systems.
4. Software performance: More software’s are written to leverage the benefit of a 64-bit operating system fully. If you are using a 64-bit operating system and install software of 64 bit, you can up-front notice the increase in performance. It becomes even more critical when performing a huge operation that requires the system to access more memory. An increase in software performance leads results in an increase in overall efficiency.
5. Multitasking: Using 64-bit, users can do various things in multitasking at the same time. Users can easily switch between various applications without any windows hanging problems.

Reference:

Features of Java Programming Language that justifies its Popularity

https://www.javatpoint.com/32-bit-vs-64-bit-operating-system